The median home value in Colorado Springs, CO is $428,950.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $415,000.
The national median home value is $308,980.
The average price of homes sold in Colorado Springs, CO is $428,950.
Approximately 57% of Colorado Springs homes are owned,
compared to 37% rented, while
6% are vacant.
Colorado Springs real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you like to see a property, contact Colorado Springs real estate agent to arrange a tour today!
Learn more about Colorado Springs.
Expansive custom home nestled in the mature Pines of Black Forest on 5 acres! 40x80 insulated pole barn built in 2018 with metal siding and roof, 3 large overhead doors. The pole barn could be used for a multitude of purposes - RV garage, barn, workshop or finished space. No HOA. Zoned for horses and other animals. Upon arriving off of the paved county maintained road you are greeted by stately custom metal entry gates with lighted brick pillars, a scenic winding concrete driveway with lanterns as you meander to the home. The acreage is beautifully treed, private, completely fenced, gated, mitigated and includes a small animal shelter with pasture area. The home features over 5,400 square feet, hickory hardwood floors, central AC, a gas fireplace, wood burning stove, new roof and gutters in 2023, recently painted exterior w/ high quality elastomeric paint with 4 bedrooms on one level. The home is bright and welcoming with many large windows and was recently painted with neutral paint colors. The foyer is grand with 2-story vaulted ceilings, curved walls, architectural niche, hardwood floors and open stairs with wood and metal railings. Spacious kitchen with an abundance of hickory cabinetry, slab granite counters, a double oven, 5 burner gas cook-top, pantry, recessed lighting and hickory hardwood floors. Double door private primary suite with bay window, sitting area, two walk-in closets, a 5 piece bath w/ double vanity, granite counters, over-sized shower with multiple shower heads and a standalone tub with stylish brick surround. Two additional secondary bedrooms with walk-in closets, a full bath and a fourth bedroom w/ adjoining bath. The deck is an amazing place to entertain outdoors or simply relax and take in the gorgeous views of your acreage. Low maintenance composite covered deck with stucco pillars, metal railings & walk down to secondary concrete patio. Partially finished lower level with room to expand additional bedrooms & baths.
Don't miss this opportunity! Beautifully updated and remodeled throughout. This desirable tri-level boasts three bedrooms, two car garage and generous backyard. The kitchen is a chef's delight with granite countertops, crisp white cabinetry, and rolling stainless steel island to prepare meals for guests and loved ones. Two bedrooms are located on the upper level with a spa like new bathroom. The lower level bedroom is a retreat of its own with access to the backyard. Enjoy the breath taking view of Pikes Peak as you spend time out on the covered deck. Desirably located on a quiet cul-de-sac. New concrete driveway, new luxury vinyl flooring, new carpet, new trex decking, too many upgrades to list so you must come see for yourself. You will fall in love with this amazing home!
Experience the epitome of luxury living in this immaculate townhome nestled within the prestigious community of Wolf Ranch. Boasting maintenance-free convenience, this 3-bedroom, 2 1/2-bathroom masterpiece spans 1963 square feet. Step inside to discover a haven of sophistication, where the primary bedroom suite awaits on the main level, complete with a spacious walk-in closet for all your wardrobe essentials. Upstairs, two generously-sized bedrooms provide ample space for rest and relaxation. The open-concept design welcomes you with vaulted ceilings and a cozy electric fireplace, creating an ambiance of warmth and serenity. Luxurious LVP flooring graces the floors, offering both elegance and durability, while carpet adorns only the stairs, ensuring comfort with each step. Enjoy the gourmet kitchen, adorned with an island, quartz counters, and top-of-the-line appliances, including a new microwave, double oven, and dishwasher. Modern conveniences abound with a tankless water heater and furnace situated on the second floor, alongside convenient crawl space access in the main floor hall closet. Off the dining area walk-out onto the fenced in patio area and sit a spell with your favorite beverage, taking in the majestic mountain view. Plus, revel in the convenience of a two-car attached garage, providing ample storage space for all your belongings. With the HOA covering roof maintenance, including a new roof installed in 2023, your peace of mind is assured. Outside your doorstep, embrace the vibrant community of Wolf Ranch, where residents can enjoy a myriad of amenities, including Wolf Lake for kayaking, wakeboarding, and fishing, as well as a swimming pool, splash park, playground, clubhouse, and miles of scenic trails. Don't miss your opportunity - schedule your showing today and discover the luxury and convenience awaiting you in Wolf Ranch
This lovely Stratmoor Valley rancher boasts 3 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms and an attached 1-car garage. The home welcomes you with fresh custom paint throughout and all new flooring. The large windows provide beautiful natural light in the living room. The eat-in kitchen has been renovated with custom tile backsplash, stainless steel appliances, and plenty of cabinet space. The home features three bedrooms on the main level. The bathroom features fresh, custom tile work, updated fixtures and new integrated sink vanities. The large, fenced backyard offers plenty of space for summer barbecues and mountain views! Great location near shopping and restaurants!
Welcome to this stunning property boasting a natural color palette throughout, creating a peaceful and serene atmosphere. The master bedroom features a walk-in closet, while the other rooms offer flexible living space to suit your needs. The primary bathroom offers good under sink storage for your convenience. With fresh interior paint, this home is move-in ready and waiting for you to make it your own. Don't miss the opportunity to own this beautiful property! This home has been virtually staged to illustrate its potential. Thanks for viewing!
Beautifully updated ranch plan home on the west side! Zero maintenance landscaping out front with ample room for parking and RV/boat storage. Fully renovated last year with laminate wood floors, new carpet throughout, new paint inside and out, and a new roof! The open floorplan start as soon as you enter into the bright living room with cozy wood burning fireplace with electric blower. Newly installed recessed light fixtures in the living room, kitchen, sunroom, and basement. Large, fully updated kitchen with new countertops, new sink, new white cabinets, and all new stainless steel appliances. Tha main level has 3 good sized bedrooms and a full bathroom. The bathrooms have been completely renovated with a new vanity, new toilet, new tile floor and tiled shower, new tub, new mirror, and new hardware. Convenient main level laundry room with plenty of room for extra storage or use as a bonus area as it is at the back of the home with plenty of windows for natural light. Walk out to the fully fenced back yard and enjoy views of Cheyenne Mountain, Pikes Peak and the front range from your patio. Two large sheds and a covered patio in the backyard complete this great space! The mostly finished basement has the 4th bedroom and another large bathroom with walk in shower. Unfinished area serves as a perfect place for storage. Additional features- radon mitigation system, updated windows, new 5-Panel Doors, built in book shelving feature, and new light fixtures in every room. Just minutes to the mountains, Ft. Carson, downtown, hiking trails, and Cheyenne Canyon. Home has assumable loan!
Townhome in Great Rockrimmon neighborhood. New Carpet, Fresh Paint, Large Family room in basement, One covered Carport and One reserved space. Great low maintenance living! Near shopping, parks, restaurants and easy access to I-25
This tastefully renovated home features a bright and open concept design on a spacious lot. The updated kitchen boasts a gas range and high-end stainless steel appliances, with convenient walk-out access to a meticulously landscaped backyard featuring turf and perennial plants. The main level living room offers durable vinyl floors and seamless access to the garage. Brand new carpeting can be found on the upper and basement levels. The master bedroom on the upper level includes French doors leading to an 11X10 wood deck overlooking a concrete patio and expansive outdoor area. Two additional bedrooms and a fully updated full bathroom complete the upper level. The lower level showcases a bright living space with a wood-burning fireplace and garden level windows, as well as a stackable washer and dryer and another updated bathroom. The fenced yard provides access to the Rock Island hiking/biking trail and stunning views of the Palmer Park bluffs. Don't miss the above-ground pool for enjoying the Colorado weather. This home is a rare find and sure to go quickly - schedule your tour today!
This tastefully renovated home features a bright and open concept design on a spacious lot. The updated kitchen boasts a gas range and high-end stainless steel appliances, with convenient walk-out access to a meticulously landscaped backyard featuring turf and perennial plants. The main level living room offers durable vinyl floors and seamless access to the garage. Brand new carpeting can be found on the upper and basement levels. The master bedroom on the upper level includes French doors leading to an 11X10 wood deck overlooking a concrete patio and expansive outdoor area. Two additional bedrooms and a fully updated full bathroom complete the upper level. The lower level showcases a bright living space with a wood-burning fireplace and garden level windows, as well as a stackable washer and dryer and another updated bathroom. The fenced yard provides access to the Rock Island hiking/biking trail and stunning views of the Palmer Park bluffs. Don't miss the above-ground pool for enjoying the Colorado weather. This home is a rare find and sure to go quickly - schedule your tour today!
Welcome to 439 Pyrite Terrace, a captivating retreat nestled in the heart of Colorado Springs. This exquisite property seamlessly combines modern elegance with the allure of mountain living, offering a lifestyle of unparalleled comfort & tranquility. Set against the backdrop of majestic Rocky Mountain views, this home boasts 3 bedrooms & 3 bathrooms. Coming in at nearly 3,000 sq ft, this residence offers ample space for both relaxation entertainment. The open-concept layout creates an inviting atmosphere, perfect for hosting gatherings with family and friends. Located in a prestigious neighborhood, residents of Crown Hill Mesa enjoy access to a wealth of amenities such as shopping, dining & outdoor recreation. This home offers the best of Colorado living at your doorstep! Don't hesitate, we don't expect this a one to hang around on the market very long.
Come and check out this enduring move in ready home that offers endless possibilities for comfort and relaxation as all the remodeling has been completed. Enjoy the expansive fenced backyard and deck, great for entertaining and more. Inside, you will find an inviting living room, kitchen with updated appliances and an open dining area with a walkout to the backyard. There are three great sized bedrooms, and two baths, ensuring ample space for all. There is a very large family room located in the lower level. This home is conveniently located near shopping centers, dining restaurants, entertainment, and schools, with Peterson AFB just a short drive away. Walk to the elementary school down the street and access to a number of sourounding schools and neighborhood parks. You can be the 4th owner of this home since it was built - be sure to check out the virtual tour and then schedule your showing!
Welcome home to your remodeled dream house. All new paint inside and out. Low maintenance flooring throughout the main level, refreshed kitchen and all new stainless steel appliances. Bathrooms have been upgraded with designer tile, new vanity new lighting and all new hardware. This house is move in ready and has so many upgrades to offer!
Step into luxury living with this stunning 3 bedroom, 3 bathroom home boasting a 3 car tandem garage, nestled in the highly sought-after Painted Sky at Waterview community. Backing onto open space, this residence offers a serene retreat from the hustle and bustle. You will appreciate the inviting covered front porch, setting the tone for elegance within. Notable exterior features include: a custom back deck extension and cement back patio, an extended driveway for additional parking, front and back sprinkler system, and the list goes on and on. Revel in the: A/C and whole-home humidifier, newly upgraded Renewal by Andersen back slider, upgraded kitchen (boasting granite countertops, a stylish tile backsplash, upgraded appliances, a pantry, undermount sink, and sleek cabinet hardware). Custom honeycomb blinds adorn the windows (offering both style and functionality), while two-panel doors add a touch of sophistication throughout. Upon entry, you'll be greeted by the open-concept kitchen, dining, and living area, perfect for both daily living and entertaining guests. Descend a few steps to find the inviting family room that offers direct access to the backyard. A tastefully appointed half-bath, oversized laundry room, and convenient garage access finish out the lower level. Journey upstairs to discover the primary oasis, complete with an en suite, a spacious walk-in closet, and breathtaking views of the Big Johnson Reservoir, the mountains, and open space. Two additional bedrooms and a full bathroom complete the upper level. Venture downstairs to explore the unfinished basement (perfectly suited to be completed as a secondary suite). Conveniently located just minutes away from military installations, shopping centers, entertainment venues, dining options, parks, recreational facilities, and schools, this home offers the perfect blend of luxury, comfort, and convenience. Don't miss out on the opportunity to make this your dream home. Schedule your showing today!
Step into luxury living with this stunning 3 bedroom, 3 bathroom home boasting a 3 car tandem garage, nestled in the highly sought-after Painted Sky at Waterview community. Backing onto open space, this residence offers a serene retreat from the hustle and bustle.You will appreciate the inviting covered front porch, setting the tone for elegance within. Notable exterior features include: a custom back deck extension and cement back patio, an extended driveway for additional parking, front and back sprinkler system, and the list goes on and on. Revel in the: A/C and whole-home humidifier, newly upgraded Renewal by Andersen back slider, upgraded kitchen (boasting granite countertops, a stylish tile backsplash, upgraded appliances, a pantry, undermount sink, and sleek cabinet hardware). Custom honeycomb blinds adorn the windows (offering both style and functionality), while two-panel doors add a touch of sophistication throughout. Upon entry, you'll be greeted by the open-concept kitchen, dining, and living area, perfect for both daily living and entertaining guests. Descend a few steps to find the inviting family room that offers direct access to the backyard. A tastefully appointed half-bath, oversized laundry room, and convenient garage access finish out the lower level. Journey upstairs to discover the primary oasis, complete with an en suite, a spacious walk-in closet, and breathtaking views of the Big Johnson Reservoir, the mountains, and open space. Two additional bedrooms and a full bathroom complete the upper level. Venture downstairs to explore the unfinished basement (perfectly suited to be completed as a secondary suite). Conveniently located just minutes away from military installations, shopping centers, entertainment venues, dining options, parks, recreational facilities, and schools, this home offers the perfect blend of luxury, comfort, and convenience. Don't miss out on the opportunity to make this your dream home. Schedule your showing today!
Don't miss this charming Tri-Level Home Perfect for Families! Welcome to this inviting 4 bedroom, 3 bathroom, 2 car residence nestled in the Vista Grande neighborhood of Colorado Springs! Located within walking distance to Keller Elementary School, Russell Middle School, and Keller Park, this home offers the ideal blend of comfort and convenience for families. This Tri-Level home with an additional basement offers enough space for everyone to spread out. 3 bedrooms upstairs offers comfort knowing little ones are close by, and an additional bedroom on the lower main gives space and privacy for an older child or multi-generational families. The fully fenced backyard allows for endless opportunities for entertaining and fun for everyone. Don't miss the opportunity to make this delightful home yours! Schedule a showing today and envision the possibilities of comfortable family living in this desirable location.
Gorgeous 5 bedroom, 4.5 bath ranch home located in desirable Flying Horse with unobstructured Pikes Peak views that backs to the Habitat Conservation Area! The elegant entry welcomes you into the formal living room which features expansive vaulted ceilings, luxury plank flooring, ceramic tile floor to ceiling gas fireplace and 8' sliding glass doors that open to the quiet & private covered patio where you can relax and enjoy the water running in the creek. The gourmet kitchen boasts 42" cabinetry with upgraded hardware, quartz countertops, large center island, walk in pantry, glass mosaic backsplash, pendant lighting and stainless steel appliances w/gas range. The stunning master suite is complete with an attached 5 piece bath offering two separate vanities, an oversized frameless glass shower, 8x9 walk-in closet and a 66"x36" Kohler stand alone soaking tub. Completing the main level is a private office with french doors, bedroom #2 with a window bench seat, full bathroom and the conveniently located 6x12 laundry room with mud sink/closet. These rich finishes continue to the walkout basement which feature a spacious family room/game area/flex space, custom wet bar with sink and a half bath. The Jr Suite (bedroom #3) has its own private full bath and oversized walk in closet. Bedrooms #4 and #5 also have walk in closets and share a jack & jill bath with double vanities. Additional upgrades in this gorgeous home: 3 car insulated garage*extended 4' forward garage *upgraded 8' and 16' wide steel garage doors*added electrical sub panel for future solar system*sound insulated main level floor*custom plantation shutters*prewired home theater*gas line on 2nd story deck*extended concrete pad great for entertaining/approved area for future hot tub (14ft vinyl fencing/4 ft gate)*blown in insulation*radon system*air conditioning*50 year composite roof shingles*stone spillway water feature.
Beautiful Ranch style single family home in Stratton Meadows. This house offers 3 bed, 1 updated bath, and main level laundry room. There is a huge living room that opens to the dining area and kitchen with newer cabinets, countertops, and stainless-steel appliances. Oak Hardwood floor throughout the house. The lot is fully fenced front and rear and features a large flat grassy rear lawn with a concrete patio area and off-street parking. Newer refinished hardwood floor, newer vinyl windows 2022, Newer furnace2022, Newer AC 2022, Newer paint throughout the house, newer pluming throughout the house in 2022. Don't miss the opportunity this may not last long!!!
Welcome to your dream home located in the highly desirable Cordera neighborhood! This beautiful, Tuscan style home boasts main level living with 5 bedrooms, 3 baths, and a 3-car tandem garage. From the moment you enter, the pride of ownership shines through in every detail. The spacious, open-concept living area welcomes you with abundant natural light streaming through large windows, accentuating the rich wood floors and high ceilings. The gourmet, eat-in kitchen with a generous center island, stainless steel appliances, upgraded backsplash, and quartz countertops invite culinary exploration and social gatherings alike. Enhanced by an updated fireplace with built-ins, upgraded 8 interior doors, a separate dining room, and a seamless flow, this space is designed for both relaxation and entertainment.Step outside to the covered back porch and soak in the beauty of the Colorado's outdoors. Retreat to the primary bedroom, with new carpeting and an ensuite 5-piece bathroom complete with granite countertops, a spacious walk-in closet, stand-alone shower, and a luxurious soaking tub - the perfect sanctuary for unwinding after a long day. The basement is perfect for entertaining, featuring a wet bar, 9 ceilings, a home theater space with built-in surround sound speakers and included projector and screen. Experience the unparalleled lifestyle amenities of Cordera, including access to the clubhouse, fitness center, pool, and scenic walking trails - all within award winning School District 20. Make this exquisite property your own and elevate your living experience today!
Check it out! This well maintained and carefully updated home is ready for you to move right in and call it your own! You ll feel warmly welcomed as you step onto the front courtyard-style patio and enter the home s flexible floor plan, which features 6 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms, PLUS an expansive finished basement. Three bedrooms and two bathrooms, including the primary suite, share the main level, and 3 more bedrooms and another bathroom in the basement provide a perfect solution for guests. The sunny kitchen with a brand new skylight features custom cherry cabinets, stainless steel appliances, and a modern tiled back splash. Adjoining the kitchen are a large dining/living area and a family room, giving you plenty of space for entertaining! Enjoy the cozy wood burning fireplace in the family room, or step out to relax on the patio overlooking the back yard. All bathrooms have been updated and include newer tile, vanities and plumbing fixtures. The massive basement hosts flexible space that you could turn into a rec room, hobby room, media area, or whatever your heart desires! You can enjoy hosting outdoor gatherings, play time with family, friends, or pets, or just relaxing in the spacious, fully fenced and landscaped back yard. The oversized garage gives you enough room for two cars and storage. Top it all off with a brand new roof, gutters, and front downspouts! Ideally located in a quiet neighborhood, yet only a short trip to schools, parks, dining, shopping, and all the conveniences. Don t miss out on this opportunity - MUST SEE!
Welcome to your dream home located in the highly desirable Cordera neighborhood! This beautiful, Tuscan style home boasts main level living with 5 bedrooms, 3 baths, and a 3-car tandem garage. From the moment you enter, the pride of ownership shines through in every detail. The spacious, open-concept living area welcomes you with abundant natural light streaming through large windows, accentuating the rich wood floors and high ceilings. The gourmet, eat-in kitchen with a generous center island, stainless steel appliances, upgraded backsplash, and quartz countertops invite culinary exploration and social gatherings alike. Enhanced by an updated fireplace with built-ins, upgraded 8' interior doors, a separate dining room, and a seamless flow, this space is designed for both relaxation and entertainment.Step outside to the covered back porch and soak in the beauty of the Colorado's outdoors. Retreat to the primary bedroom, with new carpeting and an ensuite 5-piece bathroom complete with granite countertops, a spacious walk-in closet, stand-alone shower, and a luxurious soaking tub - the perfect sanctuary for unwinding after a long day. The basement is perfect for entertaining, featuring a wet bar, 9' ceilings, a home theater space with built-in surround sound speakers and included projector and screen. Experience the unparalleled lifestyle amenities of Cordera, including access to the clubhouse, fitness center, pool, and scenic walking trails - all within award winning School District 20. Make this exquisite property your own and elevate your living experience today!
Step into this quaint 2 bedroom 2 bathroom townhome. Fully remodeled in 2020 and well cared for by current owner, it is move in ready! As you enter the home you will notice the open concept floor plan featuring a sizable living room, and fire place to keep you cozy in the winter. Off the living room you will find a dedicated dining space and the beautifully remodeled kitchen to the right. Kitchen has newer appliances, cabinets, and granite counter tops! From the dining area there is also access to the lovely fenced in patio to spend your time during the warm summer days. To round out the main level there is a powder bath for convenience. Head upstairs to find two large bedrooms, laundry area and a full bathroom! Other notable updates include new furnace in 2019 and new water heater in 2020, and theres A/C!! Come see it in person today!!
Don't miss this opportunity! Beautifully updated and remodeled throughout. This desirable tri-level boasts three bedrooms, two car garage and generous backyard. The kitchen is a chef's delight with granite countertops, crisp white cabinetry, and rolling stainless steel island to prepare meals for guests and loved ones. Two bedrooms are located on the upper level with a spa like new bathroom. The lower level bedroom is a retreat of its own with access to the backyard. Enjoy the breath taking view of Pikes Peak as you spend time out on the covered deck. Desirably located on a quiet cul-de-sac. New concrete driveway, new luxury vinyl flooring, new carpet, new trex decking, too many upgrades to list so you must come see for yourself. You will fall in love with this amazing home!
Welcome to this beautifully renovated home in the Venitian Village neighborhood! Located at 3124 Virginia Ave, this mid-century modern marvel offers a blend of classic design and modern living. Upon entering, you'll be struck by the bright but moody feel. This beautiful home features two cozy bedrooms and a sleek, updated bathroom, providing the perfect sanctuary for rest and rejuvenation. The heart of the home is undoubtedly the kitchen, boasting honed granite countertops, new stainless steel appliances, European flat panel cabinetry, and a quaint dining nook that perfectly complements the modern aesthetic. The living room is cozy, with a lovely brick fireplace, statement lighting, and plenty of space to create memorable moments. Step into comfort with a brand-new AC and furnace system, ensuring your home remains a haven of comfort no matter the season. Outside, the potential of the backyard awaits your vision. Whether it's creating a tranquil retreat or an entertainer's dream, this space offers a canvas for your outdoor aspirations. Meanwhile, the breathtaking mountain views serve as a daily reminder of the natural beauty that Colorado Springs has to offer. Situated in a vibrant community, this property is not just a home but a lifestyle. Experience the best of both worlds - serene living with the convenience of city life just moments away. From scenic parks to shopping and dining options, everything you need is within reach. Don't miss the opportunity to make this house your home. Embrace the chance to live in a space that combines the charm of mid-century design with the comforts of modern amenities. FHA eligible after 05.10.2024
Prepare to be impressed! This Ranch Style home is a work of craftmanship in the highly sought after Stone Crossing at Middle Creek community. As you enter the home you will notice the custom indoor/outdoor fireplace, natural light, high ceilings, and solid flooring which has been recently extended and restored. The foyer is spacious and leads into a living area connected to an eat-in kitchen with granite breakfast bar. The kitchen is truly a chef's delight with a large surface area of counter tops, all Brand-New Appliances (gas cooktop, 2 ovens, microwave, dishwasher, and refrigerator), and a pantry! The Primary Suite is a true retreat with an attached ensuite for a spa like feel and walk-in closet. There is also a 2nd Primary suite with attached full bathroom and walk-in closet. Additionally on the main level you will find a dedicated office space, guest bathroom, extra closets, and a laundry room with utility sink. Moving to the newly finished basement (2019) with a custom designed bar which is perfect for entertaining guests or hosting extended family. The kitchen/bar includes dishwasher, beverage refrigerator, microwave, and icemaker. The spacious family room includes a lovely gas fireplace as well as an included high-end surround sound/theater system. There are 3 additional bedrooms in the basement, two of which have connected full bathrooms. This area would be perfect for multigenerational living. Additional extras in this home is an exterior electric fence, video-type doorbell, radon mitigation system, new appliances, sprinkler/irrigation system, extended patio, 3-car garage, and LOCATION! Enjoy walking trails, parks, views of the mountains, easy access to shopping, restaurants, schools, medical care, USAF, Monument, and more! This home is top-notch and move-in ready!
Looking for room to roam? This is it! Well-maintained home on 40 acres to call your own. Covered parking in front, outbuildings for storage and more, and a lovely 2-bedroom, 2-bath ranch plan with open-concept living room and kitchen. Views for days! If you have been feeling cooped up in the city, come experience country living that is still close to city amenities. There is still plenty of room on 40 acres to make this home suit your individual needs.